The Art of War “SunTzu” atau Seni Perang China Kuno yang di posting di Blog ini, dibuat dalam 2 bahasa (Indonesia dan Inggris) demi memudahkan kepada para pembaca sobat Blogger semuanya atau calon Blogger baik di Indonesia maupun di Manca Negara, dalam memahami faham China Kuno ini, yang sampai sekarang masih menempati urutan teratas dalam strategi bisnis. Menurut kami, Seni Perang Sun Tzu ini sangat universal, namun perlu pendalaman dalam menganalisanya, lalu dipadukan kepada faham manajemen modern dewasa ini. Dalam posting selanjutnya akan kami buat pembahasan antara faham Niccolo Machiavelli dan SunTzu.
Dalam posting dibawah ini adalah kesimpulan dari 13 Bab Seni Perang Sun Tzu Versi Inggris. Untuk Sun Tzu versi Bahasa Indonesia silakan baca di halaman lain di blog ini (untuk memudahkan lihat di label blog ini)
"There are five ways of attacking with fire. The first is to burn soldiers in their camp; the second is to burn stores; the third is to burn baggage trains; the fourth is to burn arsenals and magazines; the fifth is to hurl dropping fire among the enemy."
Portfolio Management and Risk Management Corollary Regardless of how a fire starts, the usual result is panic.Markets periodically experience manias and panics that are accompanied by extreme price movements.Our challenge is to remain calm and prepared to capitalize on the opportunities created by the extreme price movements as opposed to being trampled by the movement.
Maintain Disciplined Market Analysis, Even When Neutral
"When a chieftain is fighting in his own territory, it is dispersive ground, so called because the soldiers, being near to their homes and anxious to see their wives and children, are likely to seize the opportunity afforded by a battle and scatter in every direction." "On dispersive ground, therefore, fight not." "On dispersive ground, inspire your men with unity of purpose."
Portfolio Management and Risk Management Corollary
Maintain disciplined evaluation of on-going market conditions, in each instrument traded, even when position is neutral.
"He who exercises no forethought but makes light of his opponents is sure to be captured by them."
Portfolio Management and Risk Management Corollaries
Have a written strategic plan with very specific guidelines for money management, trade selection, risk control, and profit taking.
Be confident based on preparation, but not cocky based on unfounded and/or untested perceptions.
Suitability Of Strategies And Tactics To Situation
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"We may be able to distinguish six kinds of terrain: accessible ground, entangling ground, temporizing ground, narrow passes, precipitous heights, positions at a great distance from the enemy."
Portfolio Management and Risk Management Corollary
" Shih , the title of this chapter, means 'force', 'influence', 'authority', 'energy'. The commentators take it to mean 'energy' or 'potential' in some contexts and 'situation' in others Organizational Management "The control of a large force is the same in principle as the control of a few men: it is merely a question of dividing up their numbers. Fighting with a large army under your command is not different from fighting with a small one: it is merely a question of instituting signs and signals."
"There are roads that must not be followed, towns that must not be besieged."
"There are armies that must not be attacked, positions that must not be contested, commands of the sovereign that must not be obeyed."
Portfolio Management and Risk Management Corollary
There are times when it is best to be neutral, ie, have no market positions. This is especially true when the only trades available are of the high risk/low reward variety.
"Lit. 'struggle' or 'contest' of the armies' as each strives to gain an advantageous position."
Disciplined Organization "Without harmony in the state, no military expedition can be undertaken; without harmony in the army, no battle array can be formed."
"In war, the general receives his commands from the sovereign. Having collected an army and concentrated his forces, he must blend and harmonize the different elements thereof before pitching his camp"
Suitability Of Strategies And Tactics To Situation
"That the impact of your army may be like a grindstone dashed against an egg, use the science of weak points and strong."
"You may advance and be absolutely irresistible if you make for the enemy's weak points; you may retire and be safe from pursuit if your movements are more rapid than those of the enemy."
"An army may march great distances without distress if it marches through country where the enemy is not. You can be sure of succeeding in your attacks if you only attack places that are undefended. You can ensure the safety of your defense if you only hold positions that cannot be attacked. That general is skillful in attack whose opponent does not know what to defend; and he is skillful in defense whose opponent does not know what to attack
"The character hsing means 'shape', 'form', or 'appearance' or in a more restricted sense, 'disposition' or 'formation'. The Martial Classics edition apparently followed Ts'ao Ts'as and titled the chapter Chun Hsing 'Shape [or 'Dispositions'] of the Army'. As will appear, the character connotes more than mere physical dispositions."
Opportunistic Flexibility In Adapting Strategies And Tactics To Situation
"The good fighters of old first put themselves beyond the possibility of defeat, and then waited for an opportunity of defeating the enemy."
"To secure ourselves against defeat lies in our own hands, but the opportunity of defeating the enemy is provided by the enemy himself."
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"In war, then, let your great object be victory, not lengthy campaigns."
Portfolio Management and Risk Management Corollary. Always keep attention and action focused on achieving strategic objectives as promptly as possible, (within what the market will allow), as opposed to becoming distracted by the nuances and intricacies of implementing complex strategies and tactics.
Reward Risk "When you engage in actual fighting, if victory is long in coming, the men's weapons will grow dull and their ardor will be dampened. If you lay siege to a town, you will exhaust your strength, and if the campaign is protracted, the resources of the state will not be equal to the strain. Never forget: When your weapons are dulled, your ardor dampened, your strength exhausted, and your treasure spent, other chieftains will spring up to take advantage of your extremity. Then no man, however wise, will be able to avert the consequences that must ensue." "In all history, there is no instance of a country having benefited from prolonged warfare."
Portfolio Management and Risk Management Corollary
When evaluating and implementing portfolio management and risk management strategies be sure to balance time factors and resources required with expected rewards and risks. If the rewards of the strategy are not forthcoming within the expected timeframe, withdraw in order to regroup and refresh resources in preparation for future engagements.
Ensure Appropriate Financing "The skillful general does not raise a second levy, neither are his supply wagons loaded more than twice."
Portfolio Management and Risk Management Corollary Assuming adherence to the principles in the Laying Plans section, ensure appropriate financing and resources prior to strategy implementation.Avoid exhausting finances and other resources beyond what was envisioned and risked in the original strategy..
Timing "Once war is declared, he (the general) will not waste precious time in waiting for reinforcements, nor will he turn his army back for fresh supplies, but crosses the enemy's frontier without delay. The value of time--that is, being a little ahead of your opponent--has counted for more than either numerical superiority or the nicest calculations with regard to commissariat."
From Griffith's translation: "An attack may lack ingenuity, but it must be delivered with supernatural speed
Portfolio Management and Risk Management Corollary
Timing, in almost every aspect of portfolio management and risk management, is critical, especially given that we will always be in the financial and numerical minority.Therefore, when a decision has been made, do not equivocate, implement it promptly.
Self-Sustaining Strategies "Bring war material with you from home, but forage on the enemy. One cartload of the enemy's provisions is equivalent to twenty of one's own,
Portfolio Management and Risk Management Corollaries
Allow for adequate financing from own reserves to initiate portfolio management and risk management strategies.
Make use of every opportunity, within every strategy, to sell time value (a wasting asset) to secure option premium income from the opposition so as to finance the maintenance of the strategy
Reward, Replenish, And Invest In Support StructureReward, "...when you capture spoils from the enemy, they must be used as rewards, so that all your men may have a keen desire to fight, each on his own account."
Portfolio Management and Risk Management Corollary After a successful campaign, be sure to allocate appropriate parts of the rewards to all resources employed in the portfolio management and risk management activity; replenish, and perhaps grow, liquidity account; increase longer term diversified investment portfolio; reward associates; replenish spiritual, emotional, mental, and physical reserves; and, invest in up-grading portfolio management and risk management support structure.
"The title means 'reckoning', 'plans', or 'calculations'. In the Seven Military Classics edition the title is 'Preliminary Calculations'. The subject first discussed is the process we define as an Estimate (or Appreciation) of the Situation."
Rational Analysis
"The art of war is of vital importance to the state. It is a matter of life and death, a road either to safety or to ruin. Hence under no circumstances can it be neglected."
From Griffith's commentary on Sun Tzu On War:
"The opening verse of Sun Tzu's classic is the basic clue to his philosophy. War is a grave concern of the state; it must be thoroughly studied. Here is recognition--and for the first time--that armed strife is not a transitory aberration but a recurrent conscious act and therefore susceptible to rational analysis"
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Sun Tzu's Art of War states, "Therefore, when I have won a victory I do not repeat my tactics but respond to circumstances in an infinite variety of ways. This quote aptly points out the need to be creative when developing strategies and tactics.
One example of creativity was that of Wheaties. Salah satu contoh kreativitas itu adalah Wheaties. During Superbowl XXXI in 1997 the Wheaties marketing team carried two boxes of Wheaties to the game; one representing the New England Patriots winning and the other the Green Bay Packers being victorious. As the game progressed, it became clear that the Green Bay Packers would beat the Patriots. With this in mind the Wheaties team went up to the broadcast booth, taking their box with Packer star quarterback Brett Favre's picture on it. The announcers, thinking it would be a great prop, took the box and showed it to the huge worldwide audience. By doing so they gave Wheaties millions of dollars of free advertising
Contoh surat perjanjian kerjasama atau bisa disebut juga MOU (Memorandum of Understanding) siapa tahu bermanfaat bagi teman-teman.
SURAT PERJANJIAN KERJASAMA
(Memorandum of Understanding)
Nomor : …………………….
Pada hari ini ……………… tanggal ……………….. bulan …………………..tahun ……………………(…………2009) ,kami masing-masing yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini :
1. Nama : …………………………..
Perusahaan : ……………………………
Jabatan : ……………………………
Alamat : …………………………..
Bertindak untuk dan atas nama perusahaan (CV/PT/Perorangan………………….) sesuai Akta Notaris No:…/Tahun, untuk selanjutnya disebut sebagai Pihak Pertama, dan
2. Nama : …………………………..
Perusahaan : ……………………………
Jabatan : ……………………………
Alamat : …………………………..
Bertindak untuk dan atas nama perusahaan (CV/PT/Perorangan………………….) sesuai Akta Notaris No:…/Tahun, untuk selanjutnya disebut sebagai Pihak Kedua, dan
Kedua belah pihak sepakat untuk melaksanakan kerjasama yang dituangkan dalam suatu naskah perjanjian kerjasama dengan ketentuan sebagai berikut :
1. ………………………………..
2. ……………………………….
3. ………………………………
Demikian surat perjanjian kerja sama (MoU) ini dibuat dalam keadaan sehat jasmani rohani, tanpa paksaan dan tekanan dari pihak manapun juga diatas kertas bermaterai cukup, untuk dipergunakan seperlunya.
Dibuat di : ………………………………..
Pada Tanggal : ………………………………..
PIHAK KEDUA PIHAK PERTAMA
Materai 6000
CONTOH SURAT MOU (Memo ofUnderstanding) Pembuatan Nama Jalan Sistem Sponsorship atau Pembuatan Plat Nomor Bangunan/Rumah Penduduk, model ini dikondisikan sesuai kesepakatan:
Jakarta,………………………2009
No….
Kepada Yth.
PT. Trias Lintas Nusa
Di Jl. Majapahit (Golden Century)
Jakarta Pusat.
Perihal : Surat Penawaran sebagai Mitra Kerjasama.
Bersama ini kami bermaksud mengajukan Surat Penawaran sebagai mitra kerja sama dalam rangka pekerjaan dan atau pembuatan nama jalan system sponsorship di Kabupaten/Kota ……………………. Provinsi………………………………………
Kami akan bertindak sebagai pelaksana dalam rangka pekerjaan tersebut diatas selama 6 (enam) bulan terhitung sejak persetujuan dan penandatanganan Surat Kesepakatan ditanda tangani, dan dapat diperpanjang apabila proses pelaksanaan pekerjaan ini belum selesai.
Ruang Lingkup Pekerjaan;
Mendampingi dan /atau membantu Perseroan (Penerima Pekerjaan dari Pemda/Pemkot ………………………………..dalam pekerjaan dan atau pembuatan nama jalan system sponsorship di Kabupaten/Kota ……………… Provinsi……………………:
Melaksanakan dan atau membantu Perseroan dalam melakukan negosiasi dengan pihak pemerintah sebagai pemberi pekerjaan, termasuk dan tidak terbatas dalam memberikan penjelasan menyangkut hal-hal yang berkaitan pekrjaan tersebut kepada pemerintah dan pihak perusahaan sponsor.
Membantu perseroan dalam membuat dokumen-dokumen yang diminta oleh pemberi pekerjaan dan/atau pihak sponsor.
Periode Penugasan :
Periode Pelaksanaan penugasan diperkirakan selama 6 (enam ) bulan terhitung sejak persetujuan dan penandatanganan surat penugasan ini dilaksanakan dan dapat diperpanjang apabila selama kurun waktu tersebut ,pelaksanaan pekerjaan ini belum selesai.
Biaya dan/atau bagi hasil atas kemitraan:
Berkenaan dengan penugasan ini, Perseroan akan membayar jasa kemitraan kepada PT………….. dengan dasar sebagai berikut :
Advisory fee sebesar ….% dari jumlah anggaran. Advisory fee tersebut dibayarkan selambat lambatnya 5 (lima) hari kerja setelah ditandatanganinya surat persetujuan dan/atau pemberian pekerjaan oleh pihak Pemkot/Pemda dan/atau pihak perusahaan sponsorship.
Imbalan jasa tersebut adalah imbalan jasa bersih yang diterima PT………… dan tidak termasuk pengenaan segala pajak yang berlaku ,biaya-biaya penunjang dalam rangka pekerjaan ini, serta biaya lainnya yang wajar ( out of pocket Expenses ) yang dikeluarkan oleh PT……….. dalam rangka pelaksanaan pekerjaan ini termasuk dan tidak terbatas pada biaya transportasi, akomodasi, fotocopy, dan biaya biaya terkait lainnya.
Apabila bapak dapat menyetujui makna dan isi Surat Penawaran ini , kami meminta bapak membubuhkan tanda tangan, tanggal, dan mengembalikan salinan atas surat yang telah ditandatangani tersebut, dan selanjutnya surat penawaran ini menjadi tanda perikatan di antara PT……..dan perseroan berkenan dengan penugasan PT………sebagai mitra kerja sama dan/atau penginisiatif program .
Atas perhatian dan kerjasamanya kami ucapkan terima kasih.
Hormat kami,
PT/CV …………………………………. (penerima pekerjaan)
……………………………………….
Direktur Utama
DISETUJUI DAN DITERIMA UNTUK DAN ATAS NAMA
PT. Trias Lintas Nusa (Perusahaan Penginisiatif)
H.Asrul Hoesein
DirekturUtama
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